Utterance Definition and Examples in English

In linguistics, an utterance is a unit of speech. In phonetic terms, an utterance is a stretch of spoken language that is preceded by silence and followed by silence or a change of speaker. (Phonemes, morphemes, and words are all considered segments of the stream of speech sounds that constitute an utterance.) In orthographic terms, an utterance is a  syntactic unit that begins with a capital letter and ends in a period, question mark, or exclamation point. EtymologyFrom the Middle English, outward, make known Examples and Observations [T]he word utterance . . . can refer to the product of a verbal act, rather than to the verbal act itself. For instance, the words Would you please be quiet?, spoken with a polite rising intonation, might be described as a sentence, or as a question, or as a request.  However, it is convenient to reserve terms like sentence and question for grammatical entities derived from the language system, and to reserve  the term utterance  for instances of such entities, identified by their use in a particular situation.(Geoffrey N. Leech,  Principles of Pragmatics,  1983. Routledge, 2014)Utterances and Sentences-  We use the term utterance to refer to complete communicative units, which may consist of single words, phrases, clauses and clause combinations spoken in context, in contrast to the term sentence, which we reserve for units consisting of at least one main clause and any accompanying subordinate clauses, and marked by punctuation (capital letters and full stops) in writin g.(Ronald Carter and Michael McCarthy, Cambridge Grammar of English. Cambridge University Press, 2006)- An utterance can take sentence form, but not every sentence is an utterance. An utterance is identifiable by a pause, a relinquishing of the floor, a change of speaker; that the first speaker stops indicates that the utterance is, temporarily, complete and awaits, invites a response.(Barbara Green, Experiential Learning.  Bakhtin and Genre Theory in Biblical Studies, ed. by  Roland Boer. Society of Biblical Literature, 2007)For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,To stir mens blood: I only speak right on.(Mark Antony in William Shakespeares Julius Caesar, Act 3, scene 2)Intentionality[T]he problem of meaning can be posed as follows: How does the mind impose Intentionality on entities that are not intrinsically Intentional, on entities such as sounds and marks that are, construed in one way, just physical phenomena in the worl d like any other? An utterance can have Intentionality, just as a belief has Intentionality, but whereas the Intentionality of the belief is intrinsic the Intentionality of the utterance is derived. The question then is: How does it derive its Intentionality?(John R. Searle, Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge University. Press, 1983)The Lighter Side of Utterances: Kate Beckett: Um, do you know how you talk in your sleep sometimes?Richard Castle: Oh yeah.Kate Beckett: Well, last night you said a name.Richard Castle: Ooh.  And not your name, I assume.Kate Beckett: No.Richard Castle: Well, I wouldnt read anything into one random utterance.Kate Beckett: Fourteen utterances, and the name was Jordan. You said it over and over again. Whos Jordan?Richard Castle: I have no idea.Kate Beckett: Is it a woman?Richard Castle: No! Its nothing.Kate Beckett: Castle, I know nothing. Nothing is a dear friend of mine and this is not nothing.Richard Castle: Yes, it is. Besid es, most of what I say is meaningless. Why would it be any different when Im asleep?(Stana Katic and Nathan Fillon, The Wild Rover. Castle, 2013)

The, And Music Over Time - 1243 Words

Falling in love has been defined in many ways throughout history. We can look back on literature, film, and music over time and get a basic understanding of the process of falling in love emotionally for both teenagers and adults. As science has advanced, we are now able to go deeper into the psyche and investigate the psychological changes an adolescent goes through while falling in love. We can also examine the physiological changes an adolescent faces while falling in love. By breaking the process down, we can gain more understanding of the adolescents’ experience of love and how much stronger the experience is for teenagers. To prove that adolescent’s experience love much stronger than adults, we can start by looking into what happens on a biochemical level. During the duration of adolescence, hormones affect brain functioning and decision making greatly. In young women, six times more estrogen is produced during adolescence than any other time in their life. Young men produce 20 times as much testosterone in adolescence. These hormones contribute to the sexual urges that are often associated with the teenage years. The teenage mind is not only ruled by sex, though. The two hormones that cause attachment and what we know to be the â€Å"love hormone† are usually released for the first time during adolescence. Vasopressin, the attachment hormone is released after sex to create a bond between two people, whereas Oxytocin is released during orgasm to cause people to fall inShow MoreRelatedMusic Is An Important Source Of Employment1300 Words   |  6 Pagesof all ages listen to different kinds of music, with musical taste varying from person to person. It is no surprise how music has the ability to evolve as time goes on, making it versatile and adaptive to the changing times . With that change, the value of music has increased tremendously, playing a bigger role in the lives of individuals. 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Music has become a major part of popular culture, and is portrayed almost everywhere in first world societies, including on television, radio, at shopping centers, sporting events and in every areaRead MoreThe And Music Streaming Services Industry Background1411 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Spotify and Music Streaming Services Industry Background Audio streaming services are transforming the way music is consumed; from artist interaction to size and revenue potential. This change is inevitable, and could spell the end of physical music sales. They legally allow user access to millions of tracks from any online platform. The service is probably viewed as a revolutionized of music industry. According to recent report in April 2015 by The International Federation of theRead MoreCountry Music Is The Song Of Authentic Life1533 Words   |  7 Pages Country music is the song of authentic life. The American form of music became popular in the 1920’s and continued to grow. 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An Investigation of Melbourne Youth Attitude towards Sports

Question: Prepare a Report on Investigation of Melbourne Youth Attitude towards Sports. Answer: Background Sports are considered to be important aspect of human life and it has significant contribution in well being of human being. It is not only a leisure activity, but also healthy habit. Australians have remarkable notion for fitness and sports. Sport has played a significant role in developing nationalism and it had assisted in the unification of the Australians though bridging the inequalities of sex and race. Sport is considered to be an important factor of the lifestyle of people n Australia. Australians acknowledge several benefits of the physical recreation. Sport help in improving health as well as provide significant opportunity for enhancing social interaction among people belonging to different communities leading to development of a better community. Regular engagement in sport helps in preventing occurrence of various chronic ailments. Additionally, it has been found that sport or physical activity has a significant role to play in treating psychological disorders. Especiall y, for young people sport play an important role in development of healthy body and improving quality of life (Denham, 2008). Generally, it has been observed that the youth of Australia are engaged into cycling, dancing and swimming. Changes in lifestyle of the present generation have significant influence on the attitude towards sports (Abs.gov.au, 2015). The recent studies have demonstrated a fluctuating pattern of participation in sports across the globe. In case of Australia, the rate of participation in sports has changed. The youths are becoming increasingly tech savvy and finding recreation in the digitalized world. It has been observed that obesity is becoming a major social health problem across the globe, especially in case of the developed countries. Hence, it is important to assess the attitude of the young generation towards sports and its implications. This paper will focus on identification of the present trend of participation in different sports for the last few years. In order to carry out the study in a structured manner, only Melbourne will be considered for undertaking the research stud y. This paper will emphasize on estimating rate of participation in different sports among the young generation and it will be compared with the previous data. Thus, the present trend or attitude of the young generation in Australia, especially Melbourne, will be identified. Additionally, the change in attitude of the youth towards sports will be analyzed in order to address those issues effectively. References Abs.gov.au, (2015).4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, Jun 2011. Denham, B. (2008). Youth Sports Participation and Attitudes Toward Societal Competition, Concern for Material Items, and the Consequences of Manipulative Advertising.Youth Society, 41(1), pp.124-147.

PESTEL Analysis for Alpes Joint Venture

Table of Contents Political Environment Economic Environment Socio-Cultural Environment Technological Environment Environmental Issues Legal Environment Conclusion Alpes is a Mexican corporation owned by a family and deals in provision of animal health products and services. The firm was to enter into a joint venture with another firm, the Charles River Laboratories.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on PESTEL Analysis for Alpes Joint Venture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The CRL was to undertake the chance and exploit the opportunity of the joint venture in order to increase its profitability. However, before undertaking the venture, it was necessary for CRL to undertake a PESTEL analysis of the joint venture so that it can prepare itself regarding resultant business deals with Alpes. Political Environment The political environment involves evaluation of the political impacts on the economy and the friend liness of the political system in Mexico towards the business venture to be established by the agreement between CRL and Alpes. The political environment in Mexico is very friendly to businesses as it has set policies in place to allow businesses to conduct their operations. However, Mexico has been portrayed by the media as a country that is full of corruption and doing business in the country is not easy for the joint venture since the firm is bound to lose a lot before it increases its market share. For instance, the directors of Bausch recalled an earlier experience with a Mexican joint venture in which their company was defrauded by a Mexican Optics distributor. Economic Environment The economic environment is very important for the joint venture as it will determine the success of the joint venture in Mexico. To begin with, the business environment shows some positive signals to the joint venture as the demand for the eggs products sold by the joint venture was on the rise. In itially, the cross border trade between two companies from different countries was allowed and the two firms are also allowed to engage in a joint venture. Mexico is doing well economically based on its economic growth figures, which is a positive indicator toward the growth of business for the joint venture.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Socio-Cultural Environment Demographic figures of Mexico indicate that the country has a population of about 111,211,789 million people that are from different cultures within the country. Given the country’s economic well being, the large population will provide a ready market for the egg products sold by the joint venture. Alpes will provide goodwill by selling the products of the joint venture in Mexico because it has already established itself with outlets in Mexico. Technological Environment Technologically, the joint ven ture needs to adopt the latest technology in the production of SPF eggs in order to adhere to legal requirements on environmental conservation. Environmental Issues Environmental issues are concerned with the conservation of the environment and reduction of global warming. Mexico is one of the countries that have signed a global treaty on reduction of global warming through reduction of emissions. Therefore, the joint venture should embrace technologies that reduce emissions. Legal Environment Legally, Mexico has weak legal systems in which the firms operating in the country are not under strict instructions to provide formal financial and other reports in any given financial period. For instance, the Alpes family business rarely held board meetings annually, there was no transparency and the firm did not have any strategic plans or budgets yet it continues to operate. This is a legal concern for the joint venture since Alpes rarely undergoes public audit of its operations and under taking the venture may be detrimental for CRL. Conclusion The PESTEL analysis has examined the political and economic condition among other conditions of Mexico under which the joint venture will be operating under.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on PESTEL Analysis for Alpes Joint Venture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was revealed that the joint venture needs to be weary of Mexico’s legal systems since the Alpes has been operating without providing audit reports, plans and budgets. In addition, the country has been portrayed as very corrupt thereby raising questions of trust between the two parties. This case study on PESTEL Analysis for Alpes Joint Venture was written and submitted by user Jazmin Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.